---
title: Securing Automotive Interfaces Against Potential ESD Hazards
description: What ESD standards should an automotive electronic manufacturer follow to ensure it meets the safety and reliability requirements?
image: https://blog.semtech.com/hubfs/SIP-BLOG-Automotive-blog-social-1920x1003.jpg
---
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- [LoRa®](https://www.semtech.com/lora)
- [LoRa® Overview](https://www.semtech.com/lora)
### LoRa Overview
LoRa is the de facto wireless platform of Internet of Things (IoT). Semtech's LoRa chipsets connect sensors to the Cloud and enable real-time communication of data and analytics that can be utilized to enhance efficiency and productivity.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/lora)
- [LoRa (PHY)](https://www.semtech.com/lora/what-is-lora)
- [Benefits of LoRa](https://www.semtech.com/lora/why-lora)
- [LoRaWAN® Standard](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lorawan-standard)
- [Products](https://www.semtech.com/products/wireless-rf)
- [Applications](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lora-applications)
### Applications Overview
With an ever-increasing number of IoT vertical applications, LoRa devices and the LoRaWAN standard is creating business efficiencies and improving lives around the world.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lora-applications)
- [Agriculture](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lora-applications/smart-agriculture)
- [Cities](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lora-applications/smart-cities)
- [Environment](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lora-applications/smart-environment)
- [Healthcare](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lora-applications/smart-healthcare)
- [Buildings](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lora-applications/smart-buildings)
- [Homes](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lora-applications/smart-homes)
- [Industrial Control](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lora-applications/smart-industrial-control)
- [Retail](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lora-applications/smart-retail)
- [Supply Chain and Logistics](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lora-applications/smart-supply-chain-logistics)
- [Electricity](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lora-applications/smart-electricity-metering)
- [Gas](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lora-applications/smart-gas-metering)
- [Water](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lora-applications/smart-water-metering)
- [Ecosystem](https://www.semtech.com/lora/ecosystem)
### Ecosystem Overview
LoRa is bolstered by a diverse global ecosystem of hardware manufacturers, software designers, network providers, and industry associations.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/lora/ecosystem)
- [LoRa Alliance®](https://www.semtech.com/lora/ecosystem/lora-alliance)
- [Featured Sensor Use Cases](https://www.semtech.com/lora/ecosystem/sensor-features)
- [Gateways](https://www.semtech.com/lora/ecosystem/gateways)
- [Software](https://www.semtech.com/lora/ecosystem/software)
- [Networks](https://www.semtech.com/lora/ecosystem/networks)
- [Industry Alliances](https://www.semtech.com/lora/ecosystem/industry-alliances)
- [Resources](https://www.semtech.com/lora/resources)
### Resources Overview
Explore our top resources to help you learn more about LoRa devices and the LoRaWAN standard or bring a LoRa-based solution to market.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/lora/resources)
- [LoRa Products Overview](https://www.semtech.com/lora/resources)
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- [White Papers & Use Cases](https://www.semtech.com/lora/resources/lora-white-papers)
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- [LoRa Calculator](https://www.semtech.com/design-support/lora-calculator)
- [Amazon Sidewalk](https://info.semtech.com/sidewalk)
- [Academy for LoRaWAN](https://www.semtech.com/lora/resources/lorawan-academy)
- [Logo Use](https://www.semtech.com/company/brand-resources)
- [Press Releases](https://www.semtech.com/company/press/category/pr-lora-wireless-rf)
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- [Products Overview](https://www.semtech.com/products)
### Products Overview
Thousands of customers worldwide rely on our diverse product portfolio and world class technology roadmap for solutions in low power wireless communications, optical data transport, video broadcasting, power management, circuit protection, touch sensing, and more.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/products)
### Quick Links
- [Product Selector Guides](https://www.semtech.com/design-support/product-guides)
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- [LoRa® Wireless RF](https://www.semtech.com/products/wireless-rf)
### Products Overview
LoRa®, a long range, low power platform, and the de facto wireless platform of Internet of Things, is highly integrated and cost-effective, boasting a notable battery life of up to 20 years, a 3-mile range in urban environments and a 30-mile range outdoors.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/products/wireless-rf)
- [ICs for Gateways](https://www.semtech.com/products/wireless-rf/lora-core)
- [ICs for Sensors](https://www.semtech.com/products/wireless-rf/lora-connect)
- [LoRa Cloud™](https://loracloud.com)
- [Software Library](https://www.semtech.com/products/wireless-rf/software-library-protocol-solution)
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### Products Overview
Sophisticated devices that protect sensitive circuitry from Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), Electrical Fast Transients (EFT), Cable Discharge Events (CDE), and other electrical overstress.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection)
### Circuit Protection Products
- [ESD Protection Diodes](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection/esd-protection)
- [TVS Diodes](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection/tvs-diodes)
### Interfaces
- [Antenna](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection/antenna)
- [Automotive Ethernet](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection/automotive-ethernet)
- [Automotive High Speed](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection/automotive-high-speed)
- [Ethernet](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection/ethernet)
- [HDMI](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection/hdmi)
- [RS-485](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection/rs485)
- [USB](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection/usb)
- [VBUS](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection/vbus)
- [Signal Integrity](https://www.semtech.com/products/signal-integrity)
### Products Overview
A comprehensive portfolio of innovative optical, analog and mixed-signal semiconductor solutions that serve the rising global demand for high-speed data transmission products.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/products/signal-integrity)
- [Clock & Data Recovery](https://www.semtech.com/products/signal-integrity/clock-and-data-recovery)
- [Laser Drivers and Transceivers](https://www.semtech.com/products/signal-integrity/laser-drivers-transceivers)
- [Limiting Amplifiers](https://www.semtech.com/products/signal-integrity/limiting-amplifiers)
- [ROSAs](https://www.semtech.com/products/signal-integrity/rosas)
- [Signal Conditioners](https://www.semtech.com/products/signal-integrity/signal-conditioners)
- [Transimpedance Amplifiers](https://www.semtech.com/products/signal-integrity/transimpedance-amplifiers)
- [Professional AV](https://www.semtech.com/products/professional-av)
### Products Overview
Advanced off-the-shelf technology that enables end-to-end systems and integrates advanced inline signal processing capabilities such as light compression, broadcast quality scaling and audio down-mixing.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/products/professional-av)
- [BlueRiver®](https://www.semtech.com/products/professional-av/blueriver)
- [USB Extension](https://www.semtech.com/products/professional-av/usb-extension)
- [PerSe® Smart Sensing](https://www.semtech.com/products/perse-smart-sensing)
### Products Overview
Ultra-low power, feature-rich touch controllers that are optimized for numerous applications and provide best-in-class sensitivity with robust noise immunity to enhance touch and near range proximity detection.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/products/perse-smart-sensing)
- [PerSe® Connect](https://www.semtech.com/products/perse-smart-sensing/perse-connect)
- [PerSe® Contact](https://www.semtech.com/products/perse-smart-sensing/perse-contact-human-sensor)
- [PerSe® Control](https://www.semtech.com/products/perse-smart-sensing/perse-control-touch-proximity-sensor)
- [IO Expanders](https://www.semtech.com/products/perse-smart-sensing/io-expanders)
- [Broadcast Video](https://www.semtech.com/products/broadcast-video)
### Products Overview
Award-winning solutions designed specifically to push real-world broadcast boundaries in performance, reach, power, and signal integrity while reducing time to market and design risks.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/products/broadcast-video)
- [AV Interface & Protocol Conversion](https://www.semtech.com/products/broadcast-video/av-interface-protocol-conversion)
- [Configurable EQ/CD](https://www.semtech.com/products/broadcast-video/configurable-eq-cd)
- [Cable Drivers](https://www.semtech.com/products/broadcast-video/cable-drivers)
- [Cable Equalizers](https://www.semtech.com/products/broadcast-video/cable-equalizers)
- [Crosspoints](https://www.semtech.com/products/broadcast-video/crosspoints)
- [Receivers (Deserializers)](https://www.semtech.com/products/broadcast-video/receivers-deserializers)
- [Reclocking](https://www.semtech.com/products/broadcast-video/reclocking)
- [Transmitters (Serializers)](https://www.semtech.com/products/broadcast-video/transmitters-serializers)
- [Power Management](https://www.semtech.com/products/power-management)
### Products Overview
A pioneer in power management ICs across networking and industrial power, handheld power and automotive applications, Semtech leads the quest to enable a new class of greener, smarter and smaller end products.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/products/power-management)
- [EcoBrite LED Drivers](https://www.semtech.com/products/power-management/ecobrite-led-drivers)
- [EcoSpeed DC-DC Converters](https://www.semtech.com/products/power-management/ecospeed-dc-dc-converters)
- [FemtoBuck DC-DC Regulators and Controllers](https://www.semtech.com/products/power-management/femtobuck-dc-dc-regulators-controllers)
- [FemtoSwitch Load Switch ICs](https://www.semtech.com/products/power-management/femtoswitch-switches)
- [nanoSmart LDOs](https://www.semtech.com/products/power-management/nanosmart-ldos)
- [Neo-Iso Solid State Relays](https://www.semtech.com/products/power-management/neo-iso-solid-state-relays)
- [Special Functions](https://www.semtech.com/products/power-management/special-functions)
- [Cellular IoT Solutions](https://www.semtech.com/products/cellular-iot-solutions)
### Products Overview
Leading edge-to-Cloud solutions delivering the device, software and connectivity services needed to simplify and accelerate data-driven transformation with cellular IoT.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/products/cellular-iot-solutions)
- [Managed Connectivity](https://www.semtech.com/products/cellular-iot-solutions/managed-connectivity)
- [Modules](https://www.semtech.com/products/cellular-iot-solutions/modules)
- [Router Solutions](https://www.semtech.com/products/cellular-iot-solutions/router-solutions)
- [Technology](https://www.semtech.com/technology)
- [Technology Overview](https://www.semtech.com/technology)
### Technology Overview
Our highly differentiated, disruptive analog and mixed-signal semiconductors and advanced algorithms enable today's most innovative electronics within some of the fastest growing verticals and markets.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/technology)
### Quick Links
- [Related Applications](https://www.semtech.com/applications)
- [LoRa White Papers & Infographics](https://www.semtech.com/lora/resources/lora-white-papers)
- [Product Selector Guides](https://www.semtech.com/design-support/product-guides)
- [LoRa® Wireless RF For The IoT](https://www.semtech.com/lora)
### LoRa Wireless RF For The IoT Overview
LoRa is the de facto wireless platform of Internet of Things (IoT). Semtech's LoRa chipsets connect sensors to the Cloud and enable real-time communication of data and analytics that can be utilized to enhance efficiency and productivity.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/lora)
- [LoRa (PHY)](https://www.semtech.com/lora/what-is-lora)
- [Benefits of LoRa](https://www.semtech.com/lora/why-lora)
- [LoRaWAN® Standard](https://www.semtech.com/lora/lorawan-standard)
- [PerSe® Smart Sensing](https://www.semtech.com/technology/perse)
### PerSe® Smart Sensing Overview
Semtech's PerSe technology intelligently senses human presence for optimized connectivity and enhanced user experience.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/technology/perse)
### Quick Links
- [Infographic](https://info.semtech.com/perse-smart-sensing-infographic)
- [Brochure](https://www.semtech.com/uploads/common/PerSe_One_Pager.pdf)
- [Blogs](https://blog.semtech.com/topic/perse)
- [Products](https://www.semtech.com/products/perse-smart-sensing)
- [Tri-Edge™ PAM4 CDR](https://www.semtech.com/technology/tri-edge)
### Tri-Edge PAM4 CDR Overview
Tri-Edge is a CDR platform optimized for PAM4 optical interconnect in next-generation 200G and 400G data center module and AOC applications.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/technology/tri-edge)
### Quick Links
- [Tri-Edge White Paper](https://info.semtech.com/en/tri-edge-white-paper)
- [Product Selector Guide](https://www.semtech.com/uploads/design-support/Semtech_Optical_Product_Guide.pdf)
- [Open Eye MSA](https://www.openeye-msa.org/)
- [BlueRiver Platform For SDVoE™](https://www.semtech.com/technology/blueriver)
### BlueRiver Platform For SDVoE™
BlueRiver AV-over-IP chipsets are the world’s only chipsets to transport uncompressed, zero-latency Ultra HD/4K HDR over standard Ethernet and are the foundation for Software Defined Video Over Ethernet (SDVoE) technology.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/technology/blueriver)
- [BlueRiver OVERVIEW](https://www.semtech.com/technology/blueriver)
- [BlueRiver APPLICATIONS](https://www.semtech.com/technology/blueriver-applications)
- [BlueRiver VERTICAL MARKETS](https://www.semtech.com/technology/blueriver-vertical-markets)
- [SDVoE ALLIANCE®](https://www.semtech.com/technology/blueriver-sdvoe)
- [Circuit Protection](https://www.semtech.com/technology/esd-protection)
### Circuit Protection Overview
Semtech is leading the way in Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS) protection solutions that safeguard electronics systems against damage or latch-up caused by electrostatic discharge (ESD), lightning (surge), and other destructive voltage transients.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/technology/esd-protection)
- [Circuit Protection Overview](https://www.semtech.com/technology/esd-protection)
- [Z-Platform](https://www.semtech.com/technology/z-platform)
- [Design Resources](https://www.semtech.com/design-support/)
- [Design Resources Overview](https://www.semtech.com/design-support/)
### Design Resources Overview
Semtech places a high importance on delivering superior design support and provides a wealth of tools and resources with the goal of shortening your time to revenue for your new product introductions.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/design-support/)
- [Product Guides](https://www.semtech.com/design-support/product-guides)
- [Development Support Documentation](https://www.semtech.com/design-support/development-support-documents/)
- [Parametric Search](https://www.semtech.com/design-support/parametric-search)
- [Quality Assurance](https://www.semtech.com/quality/search-pb-lead-free-rohs-green)
- [LoRa GitHub](https://github.com/LoRa-Net)
- [LoRa PCB Design Review](https://info.semtech.com/pcb-design-review-service)
- [LoRa Calculator](https://www.semtech.com/design-support/lora-calculator)
- [LoRaWAN Academy and Training](https://learn.semtech.com/)
- [Product Cross Reference Search](https://www.semtech.com/design-support/cross-reference-search)
- [Frequently Asked Questions](https://www.semtech.com/design-support/faq)
- [mySemtech Document Portal](https://semtech.my.site.com/DP/)
- [IoT Applications](https://www.semtech.com/applications)
### Internet of Things
Award-winning LoRa Technology, ESD and surge protection, and smart control platforms for Internet of Things-enabled devices and low power, wide area network (LPWAN) infrastructure.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/applications)
- - [Smart Agriculture](https://www.semtech.com/applications/internet-of-things/smart-agriculture)
- [Smart Buildings](https://www.semtech.com/applications/internet-of-things/smart-building-automation)
- [Smart Cities](https://www.semtech.com/applications/internet-of-things/smart-cities)
- [Smart Emergency](https://www.semtech.com/applications/internet-of-things/smart-emergency-response)
- [Smart Environment](https://www.semtech.com/applications/internet-of-things/smart-environment)
- [Smart Healthcare](https://www.semtech.com/applications/internet-of-things/smart-healthcare)
- [Smart Home](https://www.semtech.com/applications/internet-of-things/smart-home-automation)
- [Smart Industrial](https://www.semtech.com/applications/internet-of-things/smart-industrial-iot)
- [Smart Logistics](https://www.semtech.com/applications/internet-of-things/logistics-supply-chain-management)
- [Smart Utilities](https://www.semtech.com/applications/internet-of-things/smart-utilities)
- [Smart Consumer](https://www.semtech.com/applications/internet-of-things/smart-consumer)
- [Professional AV Applications](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications)
### Professional AV
AptoVision BlueRiver™ Technology uses commercial-off-the-shelf Ethernet networks to deliver higher performance, flexibility, and scalability to the Pro AV industry.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications)
- - [AV Over IP](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications/av-over-ip)
- [BYOM Video Conferencing](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications/byom-video-conferencing)
- [HDMI Extender](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications/hdmi-extension)
- [HDMI Wall Plates](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications/hdmi-wallplates)
- [Hybrid AV Distribution](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications/hybrid-av-distribution)
- [KVM Switches](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications/kvm-switches)
- [Multiviewers](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications/multiviewers)
- [Point-to-Point Matrix Switching](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications/point-to-point-matrix-switching)
- [Presentation Switchers](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications/presentation-switchers)
- [SDI Equipment](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications/sdi-equipment)
- [SDVoE™ Integration](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications/sdvoe-integration)
- [Smart Display Modules (SDM)](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications/smart-display-modules-sdm)
- [USB-C](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications/usb-c)
- [Video Walls](https://www.semtech.com/applications/pro-av-applications/video-walls)
- [Other Applications](https://www.semtech.com/applications)
### Other Applications
Award-winning LoRa Technology, ESD and surge protection, and smart control platforms for Internet of Things-enabled devices and low power, wide area network (LPWAN) infrastructure.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/applications)
- [Automotive](https://www.semtech.com/applications/automotive-apps)
- [Advanced Driver Assistance Systems](https://www.semtech.com/applications/automotive-apps/adas-body-electronics)
- [Automotive Battery Management Systems](https://www.semtech.com/applications/automotive-apps/automotive-battery-management-systems)
- [Automotive USB Charger](https://www.semtech.com/applications/automotive-apps/dashboard-electronics-usb-charging)
- [Infotainment Unit](https://www.semtech.com/applications/automotive-apps/navigation-infotainment)
- [Remote Keyless Entry](https://www.semtech.com/applications/automotive-apps/remote-keyless-entry)
- [Telematics Unit](https://www.semtech.com/applications/automotive-apps/telematics-unit)
- [Broadcast Video](https://www.semtech.com/applications/broadcast-video-applications)
- [Broadcast Equipment](https://www.semtech.com/applications/broadcast-video-applications/broadcast-equipment)
- [Consumer Electronics](https://www.semtech.com/applications/consumer-electronics)
- [Mobile Devices](https://www.semtech.com/applications/consumer-electronics/mobile-devices)
- [Wearables](https://www.semtech.com/applications/consumer-electronics/wearables)
- [TVs, Set Top Boxes, Monitors](https://www.semtech.com/applications/consumer-electronics/tvs-set-top-boxes-monitors)
- [Laptops, Tablets, Computers](https://www.semtech.com/applications/consumer-electronics/laptops-tablets-computers)
- [Appliances & White Goods](https://www.semtech.com/applications/consumer-electronics/appliances-white-goods)
- [Computers, Printers, Scanners](https://www.semtech.com/applications/consumer-electronics/computers-printers-scanners)
- [Industrial](https://www.semtech.com/applications/industrial-applications)
- [Medical Equipment](https://www.semtech.com/applications/industrial-applications/medical-equipment)
- [Factory Automation](https://www.semtech.com/applications/industrial-applications/factory-automation)
- [Energy, Smart Grids, Smart Metering](https://www.semtech.com/applications/industrial-applications/energy-smart-grids-smart-metering)
- [Surveillance](https://www.semtech.com/applications/industrial-applications/surveillance)
- [Test & Measurement](https://www.semtech.com/applications/industrial-applications/test-measurement)
- [Power Tools](https://www.semtech.com/applications/industrial-applications/power-tools)
- [Infrastructure](https://www.semtech.com/applications/infrastructure)
- [Data Centers](https://www.semtech.com/applications/infrastructure/enterprise-datacenters)
- [Passive Optical Networks / Fiber to the Home](https://www.semtech.com/applications/infrastructure/enterprise-passive-optical-networks-fiber-to-the-home)
- [Broadband](https://www.semtech.com/applications/infrastructure/enterprise-broadband)
- [Networking & Optical Communications](https://www.semtech.com/applications/networking-communication)
- [Broadband](https://www.semtech.com/applications/networking-communication/broadband)
- [Passive Optical Networks / Fiber to the Home](https://www.semtech.com/applications/networking-communication/passive-optical-networks)
- [ISM Networks](https://www.semtech.com/applications/networking-communication/ism-networks)
- [Wireless Infrastructure, Base Stations](https://www.semtech.com/applications/networking-communication/wireless-infrastructure-base-stations)
- [Data Centers](https://www.semtech.com/applications/networking-communication/datacenters)
- [Quality](https://www.semtech.com/quality)
- ### Quality Overview
Ethical standards drive peak customer satisfaction.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/quality)
- [Quality Overview](https://www.semtech.com/quality)
- [Reliability](https://www.semtech.com/quality/reliability)
- [Product Testing](https://www.semtech.com/quality/testing)
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- [Search Pb(Lead)-Free/RoHS-Green](https://www.semtech.com/quality/search-pb-lead-free-rohs-green)
- [Environmental Initiatives](https://www.semtech.com/quality/environment)
- [Quality Policy](https://www.semtech.com/quality/policy)
- [Quality Certifications](https://www.semtech.com/quality/certifications)
- [IR Reflow Profiles](https://www.semtech.com/quality/reflow-profiles)
- [About](https://www.semtech.com/company)
- ### Company Overview
Since our founding in 1960 as a manufacturer of high reliability products, Semtech has grown to become a multinational technology innovator, enabling solutions that help to make the world a better place.
[Read More](https://www.semtech.com/company)
- [Company Overview](https://www.semtech.com/company)
- [Leadership](https://www.semtech.com/company/executive-leadership)
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09 October, 2023 8 min read
# Securing Automotive Interfaces Against Potential ESD Hazards
Anindita Bhattacharya
Today's automobile stands at the forefront of technological advancement with a vast array of sophisticated functions such as self-driving capability, GPS navigation, hands-free phone operation via Bluetooth further enhanced by Apple CarPlayTM and Android AutoTM along with many cutting-edge features that improve safety and comfort. The more features are added to an automobile, the more semiconductor components are used. The semiconductor components employed in automotive applications must satisfy the qualification criteria outlined in AEC-Q standards. This international standard specifies the qualifications necessary for packaged integrated circuits and discrete devices utilized in in-vehicle electronic systems. As more interfaces are used for high-speed signal transmission, more semiconductor components are added to automotive systems.
LVDS, GMSL, Ethernet and USB are high-speed interfaces commonly found in modern vehicles. A key consideration for ensuring reliable operation of high-speed interfaces in harsh automotive environments, is the provision of robust protection against electrical overstress (EOS) events. One of the primary culprits behind EOS damage is electrostatic discharge (ESD). It becomes increasingly imperative to shield electronic components from ESD threats while meeting modern-day vehicles' stringent safety and reliability standards. Now, the question is, what ESD standards should an automotive electronics manufacturer follow to ensure compliance with safety and reliability requirements? This blog post will delve into two prominent ESD standards: the IEC 61000-4-2, utilized for system-level ESD testing, and ISO 10605, used for ESD testing related to human contact inside or outside a motor vehicle. Lastly, this blog will also suggest how to safeguard automotive electronics with ESD protection devices.
## IEC 61000-4-2
The IEC 61000-4-2 is a globally recognized ESD standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) for any electronic application at the system level in an end-user environment. This standard employs a test configuration replicating a scenario in which a charged human body comes into contact with an integrated circuit (IC), subsequently discharging potentially harmful ESD through the IC to the ground. The IEC 61000-4-2 test procedure entails discharging a capacitor through a resistor, effectively mimicking the scenario of ESD originating from a human body and impacting an integrated circuit (IC). You can refer to Figure 1 for the test setup. The test configuration involves a 150pF capacitor, which is charged to the specified voltage and discharged into a component pin through a 330Ω resistor.
**
*Figure 1. Simulation circuit of system-level IEC 61000-4-2 *
Figure 2 illustrates the contact discharge waveform per IEC 61000-4-2. Thiswaveform has a very fast rise time, typically between 0.7 and 1 nanosecond. After the initial peak, there is a smaller second peak, and then the waveform decays. The IEC 61000-4-2 standard encompasses four levels, level 1 through level 4. These levels are contingent upon two primary testing procedures: the contact discharge method and the air discharge method. [Refer to this blog for details of the IEC 61000-4-2 standard. ](https://blog.semtech.com/is-2kv-hbm-esd-protection-enough-for-iot-devices)According to this standard, ICs must endure at least level 4 ESD threats, which are ±8 kV contact discharge and ±15 kV air discharge.
**
* Figure 2. Contact discharge waveform at 8 kV waveform as per IEC 61000-4-2*
## ISO 10605
ISO 10605 is the global standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that outlines the testing procedures for assessing the ESD endurance of electronic components employed in the automotive sector. ISO 10605 draws upon IEC 61000-4-2 as a foundation for addressing system-level ESD immunity. It encompasses elements such as positive and negative polarity testing, contact and air discharge methods, and resistance-capacitance network specifications. Nevertheless, this standard introduces multiple deviations from IEC 61000-4-2 tailored to only automotive applications.
*Figure 3. Simulation circuit of system-level ISO 10605*
The testing process in ISO 10605, as shown in Figure 3, involves the discharge of a capacitor through a resistor, mirroring the procedure utilized in IEC 61000-4-2. In the ISO 10605 standard testing, two resistors, measuring 330Ω and 2000Ω, are employed to replicate varying types of ESD scenarios. The 330Ω resistor simulates a human body discharge through a metallic object, while the 2000Ω resistor emulates a scenario where a human body discharges directly through the skin. Additionally, the testing is conducted at two different capacitance values: 150pF and 330pF. A charging capacitance of 330pF is used in the ISO 10605 testing simulator when dealing with a human touch on vehicle areas accessible exclusively from inside the vehicle. For human touch in the areas that are only accessible from the outside of the vehicle, a capacitance of 150pF is used. In both cases, one can choose a resistance of 330Ω or 2000Ω, depending on the ESD scenarios they want to create. Typically, test voltages fall within the range of ±2kV to ±15kV for contact discharge and ±2kV to ±25kV for air gap discharge. In cases where areas are accessible both from the outside and inside of the vehicle, it is worthwhile to conduct tests using both generator capacitance values alongside maximum test voltages of ±15kV and ±25kV, respectively. However, it's important to note that certain automotive manufacturers may establish their unique specifications, and specific components might necessitate testing at much higher thresholds. Notably, the test configuration utilizing a 330pF capacitance and a 330Ω resistor represents the highest energy and current among all ISO 10605 test parameters. Table 1 summarizes the use of component values for the IEC 61000-4-2 and ISO 10605 standards, and Figure 4 shows the contact discharge waveforms at 8kV per ISO 10605 when discharge resistors are 330Ω and 2000Ω.
| Component | Value | Representation | IEC 61000-4-2 | ISO 10650 | Position |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Resistor | 330Ω | Human body discharges through a metallic object | ✓ | ✓ | |
| 2000Ω | Human body discharges through the skin | | ✓ | | |
| Capacitor | 150pF | Capacitance between human body and ground | ✓ | ✓ | Human body contact outside of the vehicle |
| 330pF | Capacitance between human body and vehicle seat | | ✓ | Human body contact inside of the vehicle | |
*Table 1. RC network parameters used in IEC 61000-4-2 and ISO 10605 simulator*
*Figure 4. Contact discharge waveform at 8kV as per ISO 10605: Discharge Resistance 330Ω (Left), 2000Ω (Right)*
## Differences Between IEC 61000-4-2 and ISO 10605
Now that we understand both standards let us summarize the basic differences between these two:
- Although both IEC 61000-4-2 and ISO 10605 pertain to ESD testing, they serve distinct purposes and target different electronic systems. IEC 61000-4-2 has a broader scope, making it suitable for various electronic products, including consumer electronics, industrial equipment, and more. In contrast, ISO 10605 is customized for the automotive sector, addressing ESD testing requirements unique to that industry. Manufacturers should select the relevant standard based on their product category and intended use.
- The IEC 61000-4-2 simulator uses 330Ω and 150pF for the RC network, whereas ISO 10605 uses two resistors of 330Ω and 2000Ω and two capacitors of 150pF and 330pF that provide four possible RC network combinations.
- 150pF/330Ω
- 150pF/2000Ω
- 330pF/330Ω
- 330pF/2000Ω
- The suggested test voltage of IEC 61000-4-2 is ±15kV for air discharge. ISO 10605 also offers a test voltage of ±15kV for air discharge when the components under test are accessible from inside the vehicle. However, if the parts under test are accessible from outside the vehicle, a severity level of ±25kV for air discharge is suggested. However, as mentioned before, some automotive manufacturers may require testing at much higher limits, as much as ±30kV.
- The IEC 61000-4-2 test necessitates a repetition rate of twenty discharges per second, while the ISO 10605 standard mandates ten discharges per second.
- The last distinction lies in how the device under test (DUT) is grounded in both standards. In IEC 61000-4-2, the typical grounding method involves using a metal ground plane or a horizontal coupling plane (HCP) to establish an electrical connection with the ground reference plane (GRP) via a resistor strap. In contrast, ISO 10605 specifies the use of a conductive ground plane, which is basically a horizontal coupling plane (HCP), often constructed from metal or other conductive materials, to represent the vehicle's chassis. The DUT is positioned on this horizontal coupling plane to simulate the electrical grounding system found in a vehicle.
## ESD Protection With Circuit Protection Devices
Shielding against ESD can be achieved by placing a transient voltage suppression (TVS) diode on either a data or a power line. TVS diodes are solid-state diodes engineered to respond swiftly to voltage surges, clamping the voltage to a predetermined level before it enters the circuit, all within a fraction of a nanosecond. In typical operational scenarios, the TVS diode presents a high-impedance pathway to the safeguarded circuit, effectively behaving like an open circuit. However, when a transient event occurs, the TVS diode swiftly shifts to a low-impedance state, redirecting the transient current away from the circuit and providing essential protection. Once the ESD event subsides, the TVS diode returns to its high-impedance state, ready for subsequent safeguarding.
## Safeguarding Automotive Electronics With TVS Diodes From Semtech
To design automotive systems effectively, it's imperative to adhere to both the level 4 IEC 61000-4-2 and ISO 10605 standards, along with obtaining AEC-Q qualification. Moreover, in most automotive applications, including packages featuring side-wettable flanks has become an essential requirement. Semtech offers a [versatile portfolio](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection) of highly efficient and trusted TVS diodes designed to address various automotive needs and applications. Seamless integration is facilitated through a comprehensive selection of packages featuring wettable flanks, simplifying automatic optical inspection. Semtech's automotive TVS diodes meet the demanding IEC 61000-4-2 and ISO 10605 ESD standards and offer low clamping voltages, significantly enhancing immunity.
Let's explore two of Semtech's advanced TVS diodes, which provide robust protection for high-speed data buses and other communication interfaces within vehicles.
## 2-Wire Ethernet
With the growing demand for increased bandwidth in automobiles driven by an expanding array of features, Ethernet technology is being utilized to meet these requirements. When developing a system that implements a high-speed interface such as Ethernet in a challenging automotive environment, it becomes crucial to guarantee the presence of adequate ESD protection. This is essential to ensure dependable operation even in the face of undesirable transient events.
*Figure 5. Features of RClamp10022PWQ*
Semtech’s [RClamp®10022PWQ](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection/automotive/rclamp10022pwq) (Figure 5) is a 2-line interface solution designed for ESD protection of automotive Ethernet interfaces. This part provides an operating voltage of 30V and a typical clamping voltage of 28V at 6A peak pulse current. RClamp10022PWQ provides transient protection at ±25kV (air) and ±15kV (contact) as per the IEC 61000-4-2 standard and ±30kV (air) and ±30kV (contact) as per the ISO 10605 standard (Test conditions: 150pF/330pF, 2kΩ). It has a maximum junction capacitance of 0.6pF between I/O pins and GND. RClamp10022PWQ is available in a 5-pin DFN package (2.0 x 1.0 x 0.55 mm). Rclamp10022PWQ is designed for OPEN Alliance Ethernet interfaces in automotive applications and is qualified to AEC-Q100, Grade 1 and AEC-Q101.
## LVDS
Low Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS) technology is frequently employed for the high-speed transmission of images within a vehicle. LVDS serves as a high-speed, long-distance digital interface used for data communication over twisted pair cables. The data or image transmission rate achievable with an LVDS interface typically ranges from 650Mbps to 1.3Gbps. Since the interface aims to maintain high-speed content transmission, it becomes crucial to incorporate an ESD protection device characterized by low line-to-line capacitance. This is essential to preserve signal integrity while transmitting data or images.
*Figure 6. Features of RClamp0534PWQ*
Semtech's [RClamp®0534PWQ](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection/automotive/rclamp0534pwq) (Figure 6) is specifically designed to protect the high-speed differential lines of LVDS interfaces. It protects four high-speed data lines with a maximum junction capacitance of 0.18pF. It has an operating voltage of 5V and is rated for a maximum EOS Peak Pulse Current of 4A (tp=8/20µs). The typical clamping voltage at a peak current of 4A is 4.3V. RClamp0534PWQ provides transient protection as per the specification in IEC 61000-4-2 (ESD) at ±15kV (Air), ±10kV (Contact), and ±20kV (Air), ±10kV (Contact) as per the ISO 10605 standard (Test conditions: 150pF/330pF, 2kΩ). It is also compatible with IEC 61000-4-4 (40A EFT, 5/50ns) and IEC 61000-4-5 (Lightning 4A, 8/20µs). RClamp0534PWQ is available in a 10-pin DFN package (2.5 x 1.0 x 0.55mm) with wettable flanks. The flow-through package design of the device simplifies the PCB layout and helps maintain signal integrity.
## Conclusion
These are only a few examples of Semtech's state-of-the-art automotive TVS diodes used to protect in-vehicle networks and interfaces. However, it's crucial to note that when the circuit specifications or data transfer speed change, the criteria for selecting the appropriate TVS diode also change. To ensure the defense of electronic components in your new design, consider exploring Semtech's Automotive protection portfolio. Semtech is one of the foremost manufacturers of TVS diodes, safeguarding numerous cutting-edge automotive electronic devices worldwide. In the demanding automotive environment, meticulous design and carefully selecting TVS diodes should always be considered when protecting communication buses and interfaces.
To learn more about Semtech's product offerings for the automotive industry, please download Semtech’s Automotive Selector Guide.
[](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/2507363/73daf88b-1c93-44d3-a434-d85b34375289)
Browse Semtech's automotive circuit protection products online [here.](https://www.semtech.com/products/circuit-protection/automotive-ethernet)
*Semtech®, the Semtech logo and RClamp® are registered trademarks or service marks of Semtech Corporation or its affiliates. Other product or service names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.*
---
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