The LoRaWAN-based gateway is the physical layer (PHY) interface for the LoRaWAN network server (LNS). On the one hand, it listens to certain parts of the radio spectrum and decodes LoRa®-modulated signals originating from LoRa-based sensors. On the other hand, the gateway transmits messages from the network down to a sensor as LoRa-modulated signals.
The exact parameters which govern the reception and transmission of these signals is specified in the LoRaWAN Regional Parameters. The parameters are regionally differentiated because there are different regulatory requirements in different regions of the world.
